Cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust yog thib ob tsuas yog oxygen, accounting rau 26.3% ntawm tag nrho cov loj ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv semiconducting. Silicon yog heev nquag, thiab tsis muaj silicon dawb hauv xwm. Silicon feem ntau yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm silicate ntxhia los yog silica ua ke nrog oxygen. Zoo ib yam li cov pa roj carbon, silicon tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov ntsiab lus melting siab thiab siab hardness nrog qee yam tsis yog -hlau cov ntsiab lus, ntawm cov silicon carbide thiab silicon nitride yog cov neeg sawv cev zoo ib yam.
Silicon carbide, feem ntau hu ua silicon carbide, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw hluav taws xob nrog silica thiab coke. Cov khoom siv silicon carbide yog SiC, uas nthuav tawm cov xim xws li ntsuab, dub, thiab daj vim yog impurities. Raws li cov xim, kev lag luam tau muab faib ua ntsuab silicon carbide thiab dub silicon carbide. Cov ntsiab lus SiC ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 99% thiab 98.5%, feem. Silicon carbide yog covalent daim ntawv cog lus nrog muaj zog interatomic bonding, siab melting point thiab siab hardness. Siab zog thiab tsis tshua muaj expansion, siab thermal conductivity, siab hluav taws xob conductivity, muaj zog tshuaj stability, thiab yog li ib tug zoo refractory raw khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov chaw oxidizing, silicon carbide tau yooj yim oxidized, thiab tsuas yog thaum cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ntawm SiO2 tsim tuaj yeem ua rau oxidation qeeb.
Cov mis molecular ntawm silicon nitride yog Si3N4, thiab cov khoom siv lead ua muaj ob qho - daim ntawv thiab - daim ntawv, ob qho tib si yog hexagonal. Silicon nitride yog grey, nrog Si3N4 cov ntsiab lus ntawm 98.5% thiab dawb silicon ntawm 1.5%. Nws melting point yog 1900℃C (sublimation decomposition), siab zog, tsis tshua muaj thermal expansion, toughness, muaj zog corrosion kuj. Silicon nitride yog tau los ntawm nitriding silicon hmoov nrog nitrogen thiab sintering nws. Feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv refractory siab heev.
Los ntawm kev qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no, peb tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm silicon nitride thiab silicon carbide los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab cov ntsiab lus, tab sis kuj ua rau koj nkag siab tob txog silicon carbide thiab silicon nitride.
